AMT Centrifugal Pump
- By Kelsey Lepperd
- Apr 3, 2016
Did you know centrifugal pumps make up 85% of most water pump designs? We're excited to release a new self-priming AMT centrifugal 4" pump, but first, a little more information on just how those centrifugal pumps work.
A centrifugal pump uses centrifugal force to generate pressure and flow. The pump pulls water into the eye of the impeller, then spins the water to force it the outer edge of the impeller. The amount of flow and pressure is only limited by the size of your impeller, the material strength, and speed of rotation.
Centrifugal pumps can be used as a single or multiple stage pump. Each stage has its own impeller. The impellers can also be used in a series, which means larger amounts of pressure can be generated at the required flow rate. When the pump is hooked up in a series or parallel, this allows the pressure or flow to increase. The case pressure capabilities must be noted to be sure the sum of the pressure does not exceed your case pressure capability.
So if centrifugal pumps make up 85% of all water pumps designs, what sorts of pumps could you find with the centrifugal pumping mechanism? Just a few include jet pumps, sump pumps, sewage pumps, and utility pumps. You can click to shop all centrifugal pumps offered by Absolute Water Pumps.
What’s the use?
When you have a centrifugal water pump, you can use the pump for:
- transferring water
- supplying water for irrigation
- supplying water for equipment
- your business
- your home
Where does the energy come from?
Centrifugal pumps can be powered by electric motors, gas or diesel engines, power take-offs from tractors, or any other rotary force than spins the impeller in order to move water. Most impellers are attached to direct power sources, but they can also be remotely attached to the pump by the rotary shaft.
What makes up my centrifugal pump?
There are two working parts to your pump: the impeller and the volute. The impeller imparts connective energy to the liquid being pumped. The volute gives the direction and control to the liquid.
Then you have the pump case. Your pump case fills with water, which is called priming. When the impeller turns and forces water to the outside circumference, the water moves towards the pump’s discharge. As the water moves. a vacuum is formed at the eye of the impeller, which causes more water to move into the impeller.
The vacuum creates a pressure differential with outside atmospheric pressure. With the atmospheric pressure greater inside the pump, the outside pressure pushes a continuous flow of liquid into the pump. As you increase your altitude, your atmospheric pressure decreases.
So what’s that thing about priming? You can “prime” or “lose prime.” When you lose prime, it means your centrifugal pump’s impeller is pulling in air. If that happens, pressure can’t be created. Think about it this way: if you’re drinking soda through a straw, and you take your lips off the straw, air will enter and the soda will fall back into your cup.
Then there’s the idea of “self-priming,” which is not exactly correct. The major difference between straight end suction and self-priming is the location of the suction opening. When you have a self-priming pump, the suction and discharge ports are above the eye of the impeller. A self-priming pump is really a “prime-it-once” pump.
Now what about altitude? Altitude is very important when considering a new centrifugal pump purchase. If a pump is pumping from a positive suction of flooding suction, you have a booster pump. If it’s below, it’s referred to as a negative suction lift. With a negative suction lift, there’s a practical limit at sea level of 25 feet. By design, some pumps cannot lift water with a suction of 25 feet. Be sure to note your pump’s limitations.
The limitations are set by the sum total of elevation change, friction loss, and altitude of location. Limitations are based on atmospheric pressure and properties of the fluid being pumped. As you increase altitude, the ability to lift water from the source changes.
Now, to introduce our brand new AMT Self-Priming 4” Centrifugal Pump. This pump is designed for a wide range of high capacity applications which include:
- liquid transfer
- dewatering
- circulation
- irrigation
- drainage
The dual volute design reduces the radial load on your motor, and the centerline discharge feature is especially designed to prevent vapor binding, which makes for convenient piping connections. All models of this pump feature a self-cleaning, semi-open stainless impeller, which handles semi-solids up to a 1/2” in diameter. Built-in check valves for fast priming are standard on all units. Fill and drain plugs for easy installation and servicing.
Here are the features we love about the AMT 4” Self-Priming Centrifugal Cast-Iron Pump:
- Cast iron construction with stainless steel impeller
- Buna-N mechanical seal, check valve, O-ring
- Optional silicon carbide seal available
- 4” NPT suction and discharge ports
- Maximum solids handling of 1/2”
- Maximum temperature of 180 degrees F
- Maximum flow: 660 GPM
- Maximum head: 114 feet
- Self priming to 20 feet
- Self-cleaning, semi-open impeller
- 10 to 15 HP TEFC single and 3-phase motors
- Optional mounting base available